List of deciduous trees and their names, examples. Tree - classification, structure What type of trees are

Tree (lat. árbor) - a life form of woody plants with a single, distinct, perennial, lignified to varying degrees, persisting throughout life, branched (except for palm trees) main axis - the trunk.

Trees according to the type of leaves are divided into coniferous and deciduous.

Tree - classification, structure

Conifers are distinguished by usually hard evergreen needle-shaped or scaly leaves, called needles or needles, form cones or juniper berries. This group includes, for example, pines, spruces, firs, larches, cypresses, sequoias.

Broad-leaved trees have broad and flat leaves - in which the thickness is much less than the length and width, usually falling once a year. Broad-leaved (or simply deciduous) trees usually flower and bear fruit. This group includes maples, beech, ash, eucalyptus and others.

In addition to classification according to the type of leaves, trees are divided according to the life of the leaves - into deciduous and evergreen.

Deciduous trees have a clear change in leaf cover: all the leaves on the tree lose their green color and fall off, for some time (in winter) the tree stands without leaves, then (in spring) new leaves grow from the buds.

Evergreen trees do not have a clear change in leaf cover: foliage is on the tree at any time of the year, and the change of leaves occurs gradually, throughout the life of the tree.

In addition to the biological classification, trees are also divided according to other characteristics: for example, fruit trees (the fruits of which are used by humans for food), valuable (the wood of which is used for industrial purposes), ship (used in shipbuilding), tropical (the range of which lies near the equator), northern (the area of ​​\u200b\u200bwhich extends far from the equator), and so on.

There are three main parts in a tree: root, trunk and crown.

The root of a tree is usually the underground part of the plant. The main functions are to hold the tree upright, absorb nutrients from the soil and transfer them to the trunk. The roots have a large length: they can go to a depth of up to 30 meters and to the sides at a distance of up to 100 meters. Some trees have aerial roots that are above the ground, and their function is similar to that of leaves.

The trunk of the tree acts as a support for the crown, and also transfers substances between the roots and the crown. IN winter period time acts as a store of moisture and nutrients. The tree trunk consists of a core, wood, which grows from the cambium inward, forming annual rings - dark and light areas visible on the cross section of the tree. Number of annual rings in forests temperate zone corresponds to the age of the tree, and their thickness - to the living conditions of the tree in each particular year. In dry areas, trees may develop false rings after rainfall. Outside, the trunk is covered with bark. During its life, a tree has, as a rule, a single trunk. When the main trunk is damaged (cut down), sister trunks can develop from dormant buds in some trees. The part of the trunk from the base to the first branches is called the trunk.

Crown of a tree - a collection of branches and leaves in the upper part of the plant, continuing the trunk from the first branch to the top of the tree or shrub with all side branches and foliage. There are such characteristics as the shape of the crown - from columnar to spreading and the density of the crown - from dense to rare, openwork. Under the action of light in the leaves as a result of photosynthesis, the synthesis of necessary substances occurs.

Deciduous evergreen crops always create a good microclimate, improve the environment, and are always planted in places where people live. Deciduous trees are distinguished by a large number of decorative characteristics. You can find cultures with a large and beautifully colored crown, attractive inflorescences and unusual fruits. Deciduous large trees are best planted in a park or square, and slow-growing dwarf trees - in summer cottages. It is important to know what deciduous trees are and their names.

Growing features

Deciduous wood is light and easy to process, so it is also often used in the woodworking industry and construction. Some useful components of such plants are widely used in medicine. Many of them give a person a large number of fruits and berries, while others attractively decorate summer cottages and free space, creating unusual compositions.

List of common plants

Trees are divided into two main groups: soft-leaved and hard-leaved. The first group includes the following names deciduous trees: birch, poplar, alder, linden. The names of the trees in the city are ash, oak and maple. In the conditions of our country, birch, poplar, ash, maple, bird cherry, linden, cherry and apple trees are best adapted.

The function that trees perform cannot be overestimated. A huge number of their species pass through incredible volumes of air every second, purifying it from carbon dioxide and other harmful impurities, being the lungs of our planet. From each other different types trees are quite easy to distinguish if you know what shape the foliage and crown of a particular type of tree.

As of 2015, there were over three trillion trees worldwide. At the same time, Russia occupies the first place in terms of their number. However, due to deforestation and forest fires, the number of trees is steadily declining.

Plant taxonomy

A species in botany is a collection of individuals that have similar characteristics and originated from the seeds of a single plant, the properties of which are inherited. Tree species, in turn, are divided into subspecies, forms and varieties.

Any plant has a name consisting of two words. The first designates its genus, and the second defines its specific name. For example, Norway spruce or European larch.

All plant names have Latin names and are also double. Such names are accepted in all countries and are international. In the first Latin word, which always begins with a capital letter, the plant belongs to a particular genus, and in the second, it belongs to a species. For example, Larix decidua (European larch).

In turn, plant varieties can be divided into groups or breeds. The largest of them:

1. Deciduous;
2. Coniferous.

Types of trees in Russia

The abundance and diversity of forests, in addition to Russia, can not boast of all countries. Perhaps only Brazil and Canada are the only closest competitors.

The most famous trees of central Russia have long been sung in songs, poems have been written about them and prose has been written. Birch, aspen, pine, oak, willow and other species have entered folklore since ancient times. It is worth noting that conifers are the most numerous of their species in Russia.

The main names of coniferous trees in Russia:

• Fir ordinary;
• Norway spruce;
• Cedar pine;
• European larch.

fir

Fir mainly grows in the European part of Russia. However, it is found in Siberia and the Caucasus. The height of the plant can reach up to 50 meters, with a meter-thick trunk. The lifespan of this powerful evergreen tree ranges from 500 to 700 years.

The common fir has a sharp and well-defined crown cone, and the shiny needles with a dark shade are decorated with white stripes in the stomata on the reverse side. The color of the bark of this plant is light gray, but you can find trunks with a reddish tint.

At the age of about 40-50 years, fir begins to bear fruit. Fir cones, bark and needles are widely used in folk medicine for the preparation of various infusions and decoctions.

Norway spruce

In Russia, spruce is a forest-forming species and grows throughout the country. The height of this plant reaches 35 meters, but there are giants up to 50 meters.

The crown of the spruce is in the form of a regular cone, which descends to the very ground. The upper part of the crown is always sharp and never changes its shape.

The needles of spruce are four-sided, flattened, shiny and with a dark green tint, having a needle-like shape. The length of such needles reaches 2-3 centimeters or more.. Near the ground, the trunk diameter of an adult spruce ranges from 80 to 120 cm. Spruce grows throughout its life, sometimes reaching 300 years of age.

Cedar pine

Siberian cedar, or cedar pine, is a plant with a trunk width of up to one and a half meters and a height of up to 45 m. The needles of the cedar pine are trihedral, growing in small bunches. Among the pine family, cedar is one of its most ancient representatives. A tree lives up to 500 - 600 years, and under favorable conditions - up to 800.

In the Urals in the last century, according to some reports, it was possible to meet cedar pines with a trunk up to two meters wide. Now it is unrealistic to meet such giants. They have long been gone, not only in the Urals, but even in Siberia.

The trunk is slender, begins to branch at a height of 1.5-2 meters. The bark is in small cracks of a gray or brownish-red hue. The needles are trihedral, collected in bunches of 5 needles. The crown of the cedar has a pyramidal shape of a dark green color with a gray tint.

European larch

European larch is the most common species among all the rest of its family. Its height can reach 50 meters, but most often - 25-40 m. The crown of a larch does not always have the shape of a regular cone. The bark is scaly and thin, and in adult trees - with cracks.

The needles of the larch are light green in color, sometimes you can see the colors with a bluish coating. On short shoots, the needles grow in bunches.

The tree grows in the European part of the country and in the Urals, and the maximum age of life reaches 500 years.

The most numerous representatives of hardwoods in Russia:

• Birch ordinary;
• Linden small-leaved;
• Pedunculate oak;
• Aspen ordinary;
• Norway maple.

common birch

The famous birch grows in central Russia, and its habitat ranges from hot subtropics to areas with a very harsh climate. An adult tree reaches 40 meters in height and up to one and a half meters in width.

The color of the tree bark is white or pink with a brown tint, sometimes you can find birches with a yellowish-white trunk. Young birch branches are red-brown in color with characteristic dark warts.

Linden small-leaved

This tree grows from the west of Russia to the Urals. The height of the trunk ranges from 20 to 30 meters, and the crown, which has a spherical shape, gives it a majestic appearance. The diameter of the crown can reach from 15 to 20 meters. The tree lives up to 600 years.

Linden is known for its useful properties thanks to which its leaves are actively used in cooking. Many recipes traditional medicine based on leaves, bark and even roots of small-leaved linden.

The tree is an excellent honey plant. Its persistent aroma actively attracts bees, and honey is viscous, healing and tasty, with the highest quality.

Pedunculate oak

Tree of the beech family. Another name is common oak. The crown of the tree is broad-pyramidal or spherical with large massive branches.

Young trees have bark gray color, and in adult trees it is dark in color, with large cracks. The height of the tree reaches 50 meters, and the width is up to 2 m. The average life expectancy of this plant is 500 years.

Oak leaves are lobed with a characteristic serrated-rounded the edge of a simple shape. By mid-autumn, fruits begin to ripen at the oak - acorns.

Common aspen

The habitat of this plant is places with a cold and temperate climate throughout Russia. The aspen trunk, which has a wedge-shaped shape, reaches a height of up to 35 meters, with a diameter of 1 meter.

The tree lives only up to 90 years and only in rare cases up to 150. Young trees are distinguished by a greenish-gray smooth bark, while in adults it becomes darker and cracks.

Aspen is very rich in useful properties. Since ancient times, the bark of this tree has been added to food, after being dried and crushed. She relieved fatigue, which was especially important for the taiga residents.

Norway maple

Known for the peculiar shape of the leaves, the plant, reaching 30 meters in height. IN good conditions maple can live up to 200 years. The reddish-gray tint and smooth bark distinguish young trees from older trees, which are darker in color and cracked.

Maple leaves up to 20 cm in diameter with pronounced veins and five lobes, the two lower ones are small and the upper three are large. In autumn, maple becomes especially beautiful when its leaves begin to turn brown, red, yellow.

Maple is most common in the European part of Russia and the Caucasus, in broad-leaved and mixed forests. Maple juice, leaves and shoots are widely used in folk medicine.

Moscow trees

In the parks of the capital, you can even find species that are not typical for the area, some of which were planted and grown on purpose.

The main botanical garden of Moscow and the arboretum literally abound with many varieties of trees. Among them, the most common are: mountain ash, poplar, chestnut, aspen, pear, apple tree, oak, elm, ash, willow, willow, lilac, yellow locust, white locust, viburnum, wild rose.

While exotic species of plants can be found in the parks of Moscow, species that usually grow in the European part of Russia are planted in the yards and streets of the city. Every year, planned events are held to plant new young seedlings throughout Moscow and the region.

1. Abashi

   Abashi, triplochiton scleroxylon is native to Africa. The color of the wood is creamy white to pale yellow. Durability is high. It is used in the construction of baths and saunas. Abash wood is good in cutting and planing, the surface is well polished, nails are well hammered.

2. Ailantus the highest

   Ailantus the highest(lat. Ailanthus altissima) - a species of trees from the genus Ailant of the Simarubaceae family. The name comes from ailanto, which in one of the Indonesian dialects means the tree of the gods. Common plant names chinese ash, Chinese elderberry, vinegar tree, stinker, stinker, paradise tree, god tree. The homeland of the highest ailanthus is China ...

3. White acacia

   White acacia, robinia pseudoacacia-locust. It is considered the hardest of hardwoods in our country. This breed was brought to Europe from North America. It grows in Ukraine, the Caucasus, the Crimea and in Central Asia. White locust is a hearty rock with a very narrow yellowish sapwood, sharply demarcated from greenish-gray or ...

4. Acacia black

   Acacia black, or black acacia(lat. Acacia melanoxylon) - a species of trees from the genus Acacia (Acacia) of the legume family (Fabaceae). The wood of this tree may also be sold under other names. Australian ebony(English) Australian Blackwood), Lightwood(English) Lightwood). In nature, the range of the species covers Australia, New Zealand, South America and a number of US states ...

5. Amaranth

   Amaranth (amaranth tree), the heartwood of the copaifera bracteata tree of the Caesalpinia family. Homeland - the north of South America. The tree is very powerful, reaching a height of 25 m with a trunk thickness of up to 0.8 m. Fresh dirty reddish wood under the influence of light and air acquires a beautiful reddish-purple tone with a large expressive texture. Hard, dense, yet flexible wood...

6. amendola

   amendola, mimosa scabrella bentham, grows in South America. Wood color: from light brown to darker with dark sapwood. Durability is average. Application: parquet, decorative furniture parts. The wood is good in cutting and planing, the surface is well polished.

7. Anegry

   Anegry, anegeria ssp., origin - African countries. It is used for the production of high-quality furniture products and especially for the production of musical instruments. Texture Anegry very beautiful with a "sharply pronounced" sheen, especially when sawing radially. Surface treatment is possible by all known methods, however, white spots may occur after treatment ...

8. satin tree

   satin tree is rare among us, and therefore it is highly valued. In Russia, it is used only for the manufacture of mosaic inserts and decorations. The wood of this breed can have a yellow, red and brown tint. But regardless of the color of the wood, it always has the smallest sparkles, which, when varnished, give the finished product a satin sheen and gloss of a soft flowing fabric.

9. Afromosia

   Afromosia, afrormosia elata , pericopsi elata grows in equatorial Africa, predominantly along the coast between the Congo and Ghana. Mature wood is yellowish-brown (brown-golden), with dark veins. The structure of the wood is homogeneous, the fibers are arranged almost evenly. Afromosia is beautiful, decorative. Often used as insert elements of mosaic floors ...

10. Lignum vitae

    Lignum vitae, tvayak tree. Two species are circulating in trade: medicinal guaiacum ( guajacum officinale) - lignum vitae and in Lately mostly sacred guaiacum (G. sanctum) - iron wood. Evergreen slow-growing trees 6-9 m high, 0.3 m in diameter (sometimes up to 0.7 m) grow in Central and South America. Backout is a sound ring-vascular breed…

11. Balsa

    Balsa (balsa tree), species of the genus Ochroma (Ochroma) of the baobab family. Large trees common in humid tropical forests Central and South America. B. d. easily renews on cuttings, grows rapidly and reaches maturity by the age of 5; has a light (when dried it is lighter than cork), very durable wood, used in aircraft construction as ...

12. Bamboo

    Bamboo, bambusa, grows in the tropics and subtropics everywhere, forming entire thickets or forests. Bamboo is not technically a tree. It belongs to the family of cereals, and its tree-like tubular stem is a lignified straw, reaching 40 m in height and 30 cm in diameter in some species. Bamboo's natural color is straw-gold, interspersed with darker…

13. Baobab

    Baobab(adansonia digitata), a tree of the Bombax family. Most characteristic of African shrouds. One of the thickest trees - the circumference of the trunk reaches 25 m, the height is 18-25 m. The leaves are palmate, falling in the heat; flowers are large (up to 20 cm in diameter), white; fruits are long, similar to huge cucumbers, develop in the hot season. B. lives up to 4-5 thousand years. From bark...

14. velvet tree

    velvet tree, or Amur velvet (pheilodendron amurense) - cork wood, grows in the Far East and southern Sakhalin. Velvet tree - heartwood with narrow sapwood yellow color, sharply demarcated from the brownish-brown core. In the late zone of annual layers, small vessels form groups in the form of short dashes and arcuate lines directed parallel to the layer boundary ...

15. Birch

    Birch(betula), a genus of deciduous monoecious trees and shrubs of the birch family. The bark of the trunks is white or of a different color, up to black. The leaves are alternate, simple, petiolate. Staminate flowers with 2 forked stamens are collected in hanging catkins, which are laid in summer at the ends of annual shoots. Pistillate flowers without perianth, usually 3 (in dichasia) in axils of bracts…

16. Bubinga

    Bubinga(guibourtia demeuse), red-brown wood with red and purple sapwood. Very good durability. It is used to cover the floor, finish the facades of buildings, in the construction of stairs. It is also used outdoors. The processing is moderately difficult, it is polished medium, it firmly holds the screws. Supplied: boards, plywood and veneer.

17. Beech

    Beech(fagus), a genus of monoecious plants of the beech family. Trees up to 50 m high and 2 m in diameter with smooth gray bark. 10 species in extratropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The leaves are deciduous, simple, usually entire, often ciliate along the edge. The wood is dense, heavy, well polished; used to make furniture...

18. wenge

    wenge(millettia laurenti) grows in the tropical jungles of West Africa, up to Zaire. The sapwood is almost white, about 3 cm wide. Mature wood is golden brown to very dark brown with black veins. The structure is large, smooth-fibered, the wood is very decorative. The wood is heavy, resistant to pressure and bending. Its pores contain many minerals and…

19. Cherry

    Cherry(cerasus), a genus of woody plants in the Rosaceae family. The leaves are alternate. The flowers are white or pink, collected in small inflorescences - umbrellas. The fruit is a juicy drupe with a spherical bone (intracarpel), contains one seed. 150 species of V. are known. The most common V. ordinary - the ancestor of most varieties, V. steppe, V. sandy, V. felt. Also belongs to the genus V. ...

20. Elm

    Elm, elm, birch bark(ulmus) - elm. Three species are of the greatest importance: smooth elm (U. laevis) - European white elm, grows only in the European part of Russia; rough elm, or mountain elm (U. glabra) - wych elm - common where the elm is, as well as in the Far East; birch bark ( elm), or field elm (U. carpinifolia) - common elm, smooth-leaved elm - grows in the south of the European part of Russia and in Central ...

21. Gabon

    Gabon(aucomea klaineana). Gabon wood has a yellow-brown color and is similar to mahogany in many ways, although it belongs to a different family. Easily processed and finished. The quality of the wood is below average, it is too prone to rot and is not very durable. Sticks and paints well.

22. Goncalo

    Goncalo(astronium fraxinifolium) grows in the tropical forests of South America. Sapwood yellowish gray to yellowish brown. Mature wood has a general yellowish-brown to red-brown background, on which longitudinal or diagonal brown and dark brown uneven stripes stand out in contrast. In general, the drawing is large, juicy, very effective ...

23. Hornbeam

    Hornbeam(carpinus), a genus of deciduous trees, rarely shrubs of the hazel family. Trunk with smooth gray bark. The leaves are alternate, simple, bi-toothed. Flowers dioecious, monoecious; staminate - in lateral catkins of bracts, without perianth, pistillate - in few-flowered apical catkins. The fruit is a one-celled, one-seeded nutlet with a leaf-shaped wrapper (plus) ...

24. Pear

    Pear(pyrus), a genus of fruit trees of the apple subfamily of the rose family. About 60 species are known. The most important types pears from which cultivars are descended: common pear, or forest (R. communis), growing wild in Europe, Western and Central Asia; snow pear (P. nivalis) - in Europe, Western Asia; pear Boissier (P. boissieriana) - in Central Asia and Iran; pear Korzhinsky(P. korshinskyi) - in Central Asia; late pear (P. serotina) - in East Asia; Ussuri pear(P. ussuriensis) - in the Far East ...

25. Oak

    Oak(quercus), a genus of deciduous or evergreen trees, rarely shrubs of the beech family ... Oak wood has high strength, hardness, durability and a beautiful texture (drawing on the section). It is used in shipbuilding, for underwater structures, because it does not rot; it is used in car building, in furniture, carpentry, cooperage production ...

26. Dussia

    Dussia(afzelia africana) grows throughout tropical West Africa. Mature wood of old trees has a reddish-brown color. It is very resistant to external influences and is well suited in cases where a significant change in microclimatic conditions is possible during operation. Very close in properties to merbau. The wood is decorative...

27. Spruce

    Spruce(picea) - spruce occupies approximately 1/8 of the forested area. Most common Norway spruce(P. abies) or (P. excelsa) - Common spruce and Siberian spruce (P. obovata) - siberian spruce. 3 species that grow mainly in the mountains are much less common: Ayan spruce (P. ajanensis), eastern spruce (P. orientalis) and Schrenk spruce (Tien Shan, P. schrenkiana) - schrenk spruce. Spruce is a nuclear-free, ripe wood species. The wood is white, with a slight yellowish tint ...

28. iron tree

    iron tree or parrotia persica(parrotia persica) - iron wood. It grows near Lankaran (the southern coast of the Caspian Sea). A non-core rock with pale pink wood that acquires brownish hues over time. Annual layers are poorly visible. The core rays can only be distinguished in a radial section. The wood is very durable and hard, the properties ...

29. Willow

    Willow(salix) - willow. The genus in which the white willow is tree-like, or willow, (S. alba) - white willowgrowing in the middle and southern strip of the European part of Russia and in Western Siberia; brittle willow, or willow (S. fragilis) - britte willow, going a little further north than the willow, and some other species. Willow is a fast-growing breed, sound, with a wide white sapwood ...

30. Iroko

    Iroko(Flounder) - chlorophora excelsa. It grows in all zones of tropical West Africa, is one of the most widespread African wood species. The sapwood is narrow, grey. Mature wood is yellowish-brown, partly teak-like, gradually darkening in air. Iroko is resistant to changes in the microclimate, to various wood pests. She often...

31. Elm

    Elm refers to deciduous trees. It grows in the south of Turkmenistan, the North Caucasus, in Abkhazia, Georgia, near the Caspian Sea. The hardness of wood is 0.7-1.0 on the Moss scale. It does not represent industrial development, therefore it can be attributed to exotic breeds. Until recently, it was used exclusively for the production of furniture and tools. Annular vascular breed (sound) ...

32. Chestnut

    Chestnut real, sweet, or edible ( castanea), a genus of woody plants in the beech family. There are 14 known species distributed in North America, Japan, China, Mediterranean. In culture - sowing chestnut. A large long-lived (500 years or more) tree, up to 35 m high, up to 2 m in diameter, with a wide, sprawling crown and a powerful deep root system. The flowers are small...

33. Cedar

    Cedar(pinus) - pine. The genus (pinus) in addition to Scotch pine includes other species, in particular, known as cedar. These include: Siberian cedar or Siberian cedar pine(P. sibirica) - siberian stone pine; Korean cedar pine(P. koraensis) - siberian pine; small pine or cedar elfin(P. pumila); European cedar pine(P. cembra) - cembran pine ...

34. Kempas

    Kempas(kempas) grows in Southeast Asia (Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, etc.). Kempas can grow up to 55 m in height and up to 3 m in diameter. Trunk up to 30 m without knots. Sapwood and heartwood are very different from each other. The sapwood is about 5 cm thick, yellowish white, the heartwood is initially light red and eventually darkens to red-orange. The color of the wood is bright, immediately ...

35. Keruing

    Keruing(keruing). Trees of this botanical genus grow in group populations over a large area, including Southeast Asia, Burma, India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, southern part Vietnam, Kampuchea and the Philippines. Wood: Sapwood is greyish brown and distinct, usually 50-75 mm wide. The color of the kernel varies from light red to reddish brown or brown ...

36. Cypress

    Cypress in properties it is similar to juniper, but its wood is more wide-layered and darker in tone. It grows on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus and in the Crimea, in the middle lane - in landscape gardening. Cypress stocks are insignificant. Cypress is represented by several species: ordinary, marsh and Levzon cypress. Common cypress is a sapwood breed, the rest are sound ...

37. Maple

    Maple(acer), a genus of trees or shrubs of the maple family. Leaves are deciduous, opposite, entire or pinnately compound. The flowers are mostly yellowish green, in corymbs or racemes. The fruit is a double lionfish. About 150 maple species grow in Europe, Asia, North Africa, North and Central America, and Central Asia. In Russia: in the European part, in the Far East. Maple is growing...

38. Red tree

    Red tree, painted in red and brownish tones, wood of tropical trees. Very strong, heavy, well polished. The color of mahogany is due to the presence of dyes, sometimes extracted to make paints. To obtain mahogany, trees from the meliaceae family are most often used: American and African mahogany(see mahogany tree), as well as sappan tree of the Caesalpinia family from the South-East. Asia (has the smell of violets), etc. ...

39. Larch

    Larch(Larix), a genus of coniferous trees of the pine family. Large trees, 30-35 m tall, with needles shed for the winter. The needles are soft, flat, arranged spirally on elongated shoots and in bunches of 20-40 on short shoots. Seed cones are rounded or oblong (young - reddish or green), sit at the ends of shortened leafy shoots. Seeds ripen in the first year, dispersed in autumn or the following spring. Opened cones remain on the tree for another 2-3 years. Seeds are small, winged ...

40. Maclura

    Maclura(maclura pomifera) - This tree comes from Central Texas. The wood is extremely durable, stronger than oak. It has a beautiful amber color that becomes luxuriously golden over time. Its fruits are familiar to many who have been to the Caucasus - green, round, rough texture, the size of an apple, inedible. Since ancient times, this durable, flexible wood has been used to make the finest bows.

41. Marupa

    Marupa(simarouba amara) is native to South America. Straw-white wood. The durability is good. Application: parquet, musical instruments, decorative furniture parts, plywood. The wood is very good in cutting and planing, the surface is perfectly polished. Density 440-500 kg/m 3 .

42. Mahogany

    Mahogany (mahogany tree), formations(swietenia mahagoni), evergreen tree of the meliaceae family. Height up to 15 m. Wildly grows in the West Indies. Mahogany wood is hard, very strong, heavy. Under the name mahogany, the wood of many other tropical trees of the meliaceae family (other species of this genus, as well as the genera Khaya, Dysoxylum, Carapa) and some species of other families are also known.

43. Merbau

    Merbau(intsia palembanica) grows in Southeast Asia (Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines). An African breed that is very similar in properties to the Merbau is the Dussia. Merbau reaches a height of up to 45 m and, under favorable growing conditions, the diameter can reach 2 m. On open surfaces, the trunk is short with a branched crown. Trunk up to 15 m without knots. The main tone of the merbau color is brown, from light to dark brown, in places interspersed with yellow streaks. The wood is very hard, resistant to moisture…

44. Mersava

    Mersava(mersava) is native to Cambodia. It surpasses oak in hardness, which, combined with a relatively low price, makes it a very attractive choice for parquet.

45. Movingu

    Movingu(distemonantbus bentbamianus). Origin: Liberia, Nigeria, Gabon, Cameroon. Use as an interline interval for furnish of rooms, furniture, parquet works. The core color is from lemon to yellow, with some addition of green or brown. This wood has a glossy surface and varnishing is not particularly difficult.

46. Juniper

    Juniper(juniperus) - Juniper. Its varieties: kara-archa (J. polycarpos) - Indian juniper and saur-archa (J. cemiglobosa) grow in the mountains of Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan in the form of large shrubs or small trees. Juniper is a coniferous shrub, the trunk diameter of which reaches 10 cm. Its strong thin-layer wood is well processed and polished, and has a specific pleasant smell. Wood darkens when exposed to sunlight. Archa, like other junipers, belong to sound rocks ...

47. Muirakachaira

    Muirakachaira(astronium lecointei Ducke) grows in South America. The color of the wood is light brown fading to dark red with darker sapwood. Durability is very durable. Application: flooring, construction of solid structures, outdoor use. The wood is good in cutting and planing, the surface is well polished. Density 860 kg/m 3 .

48. Mutania

    Mutania(guibourtia arnoldiana) grows in tropical West Africa. Mature wood is light brown to olive brown with dark purple rays, shiny and very decorative. Good for making furniture and parquet. Mutiny about hard rock resistant to stress and deformation. When dried, it practically does not crack and does not warp. Density 800-900 kg/m3, hardness 4.0.

49. Olive Tree

    Olive Tree (olea europea) - olive family. It grows mainly in southern Europe and close areas of Asia. The sapwood is light brown, darkening somewhat later. Mature wood is yellow-white, sometimes with a reddish tinge, with characteristic irregular dark rays. The olive tree has a fine texture, very decorative, dense, little subject to drying out. It sands very well and gives a nice smooth surface. Density 850-950 kg/m3, hardness about 6.0.

50. Alder

    Alder(alnus) - alder. The most important are sticky alder, or black, (A. glutinosa) - Black alder; gray alder, or white, (A. incana) - specked aldergrowing in the European part of Russia and Western Siberia; Siberian alder. Alder is a nuclear-free breed. Its wood is light, soft and viscous. It cuts very well, does not prick when carving, is not brittle, does not crack when dried. Tough and malleable for processing in all directions, it is used in critical products such as musical instruments…

51. Nut

    Nut(juglas regia), the walnut family, grows everywhere. Main regions: Southern Europe, Asia, America. The most common are two types: walnut (J. regia) - European walnut (grows in the Caucasus and Central Asia) and Manchurian walnut(J. mandshurica) - Manchurian walnut (in the Far East). In terms of mechanical properties, Manchurian walnut wood is significantly inferior to wood. walnut. The sapwood is light, mature wood is brown-gray, with darker patches ...

52. Ormosia

    Ormosia(ormosia) grows on the island of New Guinea. The tree belongs to the class of rare and valuable breeds, closes the list of such species as ebony and sandalwood. The wood is hard and dense.

53. Aspen

    Aspen(populus tremula) - Aspen is in second place in terms of area among hardwoods (1/10 of this area), grows almost everywhere. Aspen is a nuclear-free breed. Wood white color, with a greenish tint; annual layers are poorly visible, medullary rays are not visible. Aspen wood has a homogeneous structure, is easily peeled, impregnated and does not give a very smoky flame (raw material for the match industry). Used in agriculture(wells, cellars, roofing shingles, etc.) ...

54. paduk

    paduk (african padouk- pterocarpus soyauxii) grows in Cameroon, Spanish Guinea, Zaire Nigeria and Angola. Mature wood is coral red, but gradually darkens. The structure of the wood is straight-grained, so it is easily processed. Paduk is very resistant to mechanical loads (pressure) and external influences. Dries easily, but requires slow drying.

55. rosewood

    rosewood(dalbergia latifolia, Dalbergia javanica). Rosewood is the name of different species that have wood similar in color and structure. Most often this name is used for wood black dalbergia(Dallbergia nigra) - Rio rosewood. growing in Brazil, and rosewood (D. latifolia) - Indian rosewood (in Southeast Asia). This is a hearty, diffusely vascular hardwood with large vessels. The tree is very large, reaching 25 m in height and 1.5 m in diameter. Sapwood and mature wood are very different…

56. panga panga

    panga panga grows in the tropical jungles of East Africa. Mature wood is golden brown to very dark brown with black veins. The structure is large, smooth-fibered, the wood is very decorative. The wood is heavy, resistant to pressure and bending. Its pores contain many mineral and oily substances that make it difficult to process and, in particular, varnishing. Density 900-1000 kg / m 3, hardness 4.4.

57. pau marfim

    pau marfim(balfourodendron riedelianum) grows in South America. The wood is creamy white with light brown sapwood. Durability is durable. It is used in the manufacture of decorative parts of furniture, parquet, plywood, wood paneling. The wood is good in cutting and planing, the surface is well polished. Density 700 kg/m 3 .

58. Peroba

    Peroba(aspidosperma populifolium) grows in South America. The color of the wood is yellow to rose red with purple spots and pale yellow sapwood. Durability is durable. Application: furniture and carpentry, flooring, veneer. Moderately easy to work with, sticks well. Density 700 kg/m 3 .

59. Pinkado

    Pinkado(xylia dolabriformis) grows in the tropical rainforests of Southeast Asia, in many cases in close proximity to teak. The color of the mature wood is generally reddish brown, with dark brown to violet brown veins; during operation, it darkens somewhat. The structure of wood is fine-fibered, twisted, dense. Due to the peculiarities of the structure, pinkado wood is fairly well resistant to deformation (warping), does not split or delaminate during processing ...

60. Fir

    Fir(abies) - fir. The following species are most common: Siberian fir (A. sibirica) - Siberian fir; white fir (A. nephrolepis); Sakhalin fir(A. sachalinensis); Caucasian fir(A. nordmanniana); European fir, white (A. alba) - common silver fir. Fir is a nuclear-free, ripe wood species. wood by appearance very similar to spruce wood, but differs by the absence of resin passages. Caucasian and European fir wood has the highest rates…

61. Oriental plane tree

    Oriental plane tree, plane tree(platanus orientalis) - European plane. The most common type of plane tree, grows in Central Asia, is found in the Caucasus. Heartwood with a wide grayish sapwood, not sharply demarcated from the reddish-brown heartwood. The annual layers are poorly visible, the vessels are small, inconspicuous, the medullary rays are wide, clearly visible in all sections, they form a characteristic texture on the radial section. Sycamore wood is used in furniture production as a finishing material…

62. Punicado

    Punicado(pyinkado, Xylia planer). Other names: pyin, pran, pkhay, irul. Grows in Burma, India. Wood. The sapwood is narrow, pale, reddish-white. The core zone is homogeneous, reddish-brown with a few specks or with darkish veins. The wood is dull, with straight, wavy or tangled grains and a medium-sized texture. Due to the deposits of resinous substances, the wood is dotted with dark sticky spots ...

63. Ramin

    Ramin(gonystylus macrophyllum). The color of the wood is light yellow with a light brown sapwood. Resistant durability. Application: parquet, joinery, furniture, stairs. Easy to glue, good in cutting and planing, good sanding. Density 670 kg/m 3 .

64. Pink tree

    Pink tree has wood of yellowish-brown or pinkish-brown color with brown stripes and stains; in terms of physical and mechanical properties, it is close to walnut wood; well processed and finished. Used as facing material in mosaic sets. Belongs to rare materials, imitated by light Anatolian (American) walnut.

65. Boxwood evergreen

    Boxwood evergreen(buxus sempervirens) - european box. It grows on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus and in the Crimea. Non-core wood with light yellow, matte, very dense and hard wood; annual layers are narrow, slightly wavy, vessels and medullary rays are imperceptible. In terms of physical and mechanical properties, boxwood wood is close to hornbeam wood. It is used for wind musical instruments, carved and turned art products.

66. Sunbau

    Sunbau(sunbau) grows in Southeast Asia. Sunbau is traditionally used for the production of very expensive exclusive furniture. In ancient times, it was used only for the manufacture of ritual items and household items of royalty. It is not for nothing that it is called the "solar tree". It looks like it's made of sun rays. When you change the viewing angle, the sunbau wood seems to have its own "inner fire", it shimmers with a unique silky-gold light ...

67. sandalwood

    sandalwood (sandalwood) - This different kinds trees, the wood of which gives paint (blue, black or red) or is used for handicrafts, such as logwood, red sandalwood or caliber wood, white or yellow sandalwood ...

68. Sapeli

    Sapeli(entsndropharagma cylindricum) grows in equatorial Africa. Sapeli has properties close to true mahogany and their surfaces are very similar. Therefore, it is often used instead of mahogany and is called by the same name or, taking into account one of the local names - zipo-mahogany. The tree is very tall and large, the trunk has an even cylindrical shape. The sapwood and heartwood are distinctly different. The sapwood is wide, can have all shades from white to gray ...

69. sapodilla

    sapodilla, Sapotilla, chiku, sapotila tree, Shea tree, Achra(lat. Manilkara zapota) - fruit tree Sapot family. sapodilla- an evergreen slow-growing tree with a pyramidal crown, 18-30 m tall. When the bark is damaged, it exudes profuse white sticky latex. Homeland Sapodilla - southern Mexico. Currently cultivated...

70. Sequoiadendron, sequoia

    sequoiadendron(sequoiadendron) and sequoia(Sequoia). Each genus has one species. Both grow in California (USA) mainly in nature reserves. Sequoiadendron giant, or mammoth tree(S. giganteum) - Gigant sequoia reaches enormous sizes. There are trees up to 120 m high with a butt diameter of 15 m and an age of 6000 years. Not inferior in size and evergreen sequoia (S. sempervirens), which is bred and grows well on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus ...

71. Serejeira

    Serejeira(amburana cearensis) grows in South America. The color of the wood is yellow to medium brown with a pink tinge. Durability is moderate. Application: parquet, decorative furniture parts, used in shipbuilding. The wood is good in cutting and planing, the surface is well polished. Density 600 kg/m 3 .

72. Plum

    Plum very susceptible to cracking and warping during drying. Hard and durable wood with many multi-colored veins is perfectly pricked and polished. Most often it is used for the manufacture of jewelry and for the relief decoration of furniture. Turned utensils made of plum wood are also highly valued.

73. Pine

    Pine(pinus) - pine. It occupies about 1/6 of the area of ​​all forests in Russia and neighboring countries. The most common Scotch pine(P. sylvestris) - common pine. Crimean pine (P. taurica) should be noted, the wood of which differs from ordinary pine in high resin productivity. Pine wood has a slightly pinkish core, which becomes brownish-red over time, a wide sapwood from yellowish to pink, clearly visible annual layers with a clear boundary between early and late wood ...

74. Sophora japonica

    Sophora japonica(saphora japonica). Moth family - Papilionaceae. Japanese Sophora is a tree up to 25 m high with a dense spreading crown, like a white acacia, with smooth green branches and slightly cracked bark covering the trunk. Leaves pinnate, with 11-15 pairs of leaflets; leaflets ovate or oval-lanceolate, pointed, dark green above, gray-white below, due to the presence of many hairs, the petiole of the compound leaf is strongly thickened at the base ...

75. Sucupira

    Sucupira- bowdichia virgilloides (Diplotropis purpurea) grows in South America, mainly in the Amazon. The sapwood is narrow and almost colorless. Mature wood has beautiful reddish-brown tones interspersed with light or yellowish veins. The wood is very heavy, durable, contains oily substances, and is not damaged by pests. It is processed relatively hard, but it is well ground and polished. Drying must be carried out very slowly, because otherwise the wood warps ...

76. tamarindo

    tamarindo(dialium guianense) grows in South America. The color of the wood is brown-orange with dark sapwood. Durability is very durable. Floor covering, building facade decoration, outdoor use, stair construction. Processing is moderately difficult, the surface is polished medium. Density 1120 kg/m 3 .

77. Taouari

    Taouari(couratari oblongifolia) grows in South America. The color of the wood is light straw with an orange tint and darker sapwood. Durability is durable. It is used to cover the floor, decorative parts of furniture, musical instruments. The wood is good in cutting and planing, the surface is well polished, glued easily. Density 620 kg/m 3 .

78. tiger tree

    tiger tree(muiracatiara) - an unusual breed, has a warm copper color with a juicy texture and contrasting color stripes.

79. Teak

    Teak (teak, tea tree), (Tectona grandis), a tree of the verbena family, up to 40-50 m high, with large (length 30-60 cm) leaves. Flowers small, in panicles. The fruits are drupe-shaped. It grows in the deciduous forests of Asia from India to Indonesia. The wood is beautiful - golden brown with dark patches or patches, the texture is well defined, the grain direction is even or slightly wavy. The sapwood is white narrow. Yellowish, turning brown when dried, the core ...

80. Yew

    Yew(taxus) - yew - a very ancient breed. There are currently two types: European yew berry(T. bacata) - common yew (in the mountain forests of the Caucasus and Crimea) and yew spiky, Far Eastern(T. caspidata) - japanese yew. Yew wood has a red-brown heartwood and sharply demarcated narrow yellowish-white sapwood. The annual layers are winding, there are no resin passages. Wood has a beautiful texture and is valued as a finishing material, high-quality furniture is made from it ...

81. Poplar

    Poplar(populus) - poplar. This genus unites 30 species, including the aspen considered separately. The most widespread are black poplar, or black poplar, (P. nigra) - Black poplar and white poplar (P. alba) - White poplargrowing over a vast territory of Russia. Its wood is very soft, light, its density is even lower than that of linden and aspen. Therefore, poplar is used to make wooden shovels, troughs, dugouts, and plywood. This is a sound breed with white sapwood and a light brown heartwood ...

82. thuja

    There are many types of thuja, but one growing in Algeria is especially valued as a furniture material. The liveliness of the paint, the subtlety and elegance of the arrangement of the veins, the soft transitions of tones, the ease of polishing and the glassy sheen - everything is good in this tree. Outperforms the finest mahogany. Particularly beautiful are the brown-pink specks, which, like the skin of a leopard, are dotted with the entire surface, this coloring gives the tree a magnificent original look. All shades and colors retain their liveliness, which should also be listed among the merits of arborvitae ...

83. Furnambuc

    Furnambuc used in the manufacture of mosaics. The most expensive are violin bows and conductor's sticks made from this tree. During storage, fernambuque can change color from yellow with an orange tint to dark cherry or even black. Its wood practically does not rot and, when dry, does not succumb to warping. But a tree that has just been cut down dries out, cracks and changes shape. In terms of severity in processing, it is second only to eucalyptus.

84. purple heart

    purple heart (rocinho), (peltogine spp) is native to South America. The color of the wood is violet-purple or deep lilac with creamy white to pinkish-brown sapwood. Application: in turning, furniture production, flooring, facing works, in the construction of bridges, light ships. Processing is moderately difficult, requires little sanding, easy to glue. Durability - Very durable. Density - 880 kg / m 3.

85. Pistachio

    Pistachio(pistacia) - pistachio tree. Within Russia and neighboring countries, two species grow: pistachio pistachio, or kev tree, (P. mutica) - amblyophyllos pistachio (in Transcaucasia and Crimea) and real pistachio(P. vera) - in Central Asia. Pistachio belongs to the heartwood species with a wide yellowish-white sapwood, sharply limited from the core, which, when freshly cut, has a greenish-brown color. During chamber drying or long-term storage, the kernel becomes reddish-brown ...

86. zest

    zest(cedrus ssp). Origin: North Africa, Asia, Himalayas. The most famous is Satin Zedr from North Africa. In Europe, the peel grows in parks and artificial plantations. The zest is the longest-lived tree and can be up to 3,000 years old. It is currently used in the manufacture of furniture, but was previously actively used for shipbuilding. The zest has a reddish-light wood, which has a characteristic pungent odor ...

87. Che

    Che(che) is native to Southeast Asia. Wood, superior in hardness to oak, has an attractive "chocolate" shade.

Cherries in appearance it is very similar to cherry, but reaches such a thickness that it can be sawn into boards. Its wood is denser and harder than that of cherry, and therefore its use is preferable. This tree is highly susceptible to wormholes. It is good for "light" furniture sets and individual Art Nouveau items.

88. Ebony

    Ebony, some species of trees, mainly tropical, most often of the ebony family, as well as blackwood acacia(acacia melanoxylon) mimosa family (from Australia), dalbergia blackwood(Dalbergia melanoxylon) of the moth family (from Africa) and some others. The wood of these trees is also called ebony. It has a black color, often with different shades, heavy (specific gravity> 1), hard, poorly pricked, well polished, it is used to finish expensive furniture ...

89. Mulberry

    Mulberry (Mulberry tree) has a reddish-brown wood. Her sapwood is narrow. When exposed to light, wood darkens over time. It is difficult to process with a cutting tool, it is very well polished. Finds application in turning and mosaic works. The best variety is black mulberry.

90. Eben

    Eben (ebony), dark-colored wood of some species of tropical trees of the ebony family and a number of other families. Its color varies from green to black. The best varieties ebony is obtained from tropical persimmon species (Diospyros crassiflora, D. ebenum, D. haplostylis, D. melanoxylon, D. reticulata, etc.); their heartwood is black, homogeneous in structure, heavy (density greater than 1), hard; growth rings and medullary rays are invisible ...

91. Eucalyptus

    Eucalyptus(eucalyptus), a genus of plants in the myrtle family. Mostly evergreen trees, often reaching a height of 100 m, or shrubs. The location and shape of the leaves, depending on the age of the plants, are different, but the leaves are always entire, usually odorous (contain essential oils). The flowers are regular, bisexual, with numerous stamens; lower ovary. The fruit is a box consisting of a truncated woody tube of the receptacle, in which there is an ovary fused with it ...

92. Apple tree

    Apple tree widely represented both in cultivated and wild condition, in all areas. It has a slightly textured, with slight deviations in tone, pinkish color with redness or browning. Its wood is moderately hard and dense, well finished, polished and processed with a cutting tool, but it warps strongly. In mosaic works, it is used for sets of portraits, landscapes and geometric ornaments. In carpentry, it is used to make blocks for hand tools ...

93. Jacaranda

    Jacaranda, jacaranda(jacaranda), a genus of plant in the bignoniaceae family. Trees or shrubs with opposite, usually double-pinnate leaves. Flowers with a tubular-bell-shaped or funnel-shaped corolla, in a paniculate inflorescence. The fruit is a capsule with winged seeds. 40-50 species, in the tropics of the Western Hemisphere. Brazilian jacaranda(J. brasiliana), jacaranda obtuse(J. obtusifolia) and other species provide valuable wood (rosewood). Many types of anchoranda are decorative; in warm countries they are used in culture.

94. Yarra

    Yarra- eucalyptus. The fast-growing jarrah is common in the southeastern part of Western Australia, reaches a height of 30-45 m and a diameter of 90-150 cm. A trunk without knots up to a height of 20 m. Yarra (lat. jarrah) is the trade name for one of more than 500 varieties of Australian eucalyptus, which is distinguished by a particularly bright color (all shades of red, mainly from strawberry to dark red). Over time, the yarra darkens and its color can acquire very different shades ...

95. Ash

    Ash(fraxinus), a genus of plants in the olive family. Trees, sometimes shrubs, usually with pinnate opposite leaves. The kidneys are mostly black or brown. Flowers small, in terminal or lateral panicles or racemes. The fruit is a winged fruit. Over 60 species, in Eurasia, North America, North Africa, Central Asia. There are 11 species in Russia, in the European part, in the Caucasus and in the Far East. Common ash, or European (F. excelsior), - a tree up to 40 m high with a wide spreading crown ...

96. Jatoba

    Jatoba (jatoba, curbaryl) - (hymenaea courbaril) grows in tropical Central and America from Mexico to the Amazon basin. The sapwood is greyish-white, relatively broad, and the wood has very beautiful and decorative tones ranging from orange-brown to violet-brown. The wood is heavy, durable, hard and relatively elastic. It is difficult to process, but it is ground and polished almost to a mirror finish. When grinding, in some cases, the color of the pores of the wood may appear ...

Deciduous trees are used in the design of most garden plots. Some are planted for ornamental purposes, while others are fruit-bearing in order to obtain a rich harvest.

Deciduous horticultural crops include flowering trees and shrubs. These plants appeared later than conifers. Also read the article about. The fruits on the branches are formed as a result of the development of the ovary.

Deciduous trees differ in the type of foliage, wood properties, and cultural value. Also, some breeds are used for making spices.

Deciduous trees are a necessary attribute for garden compositions. In winter and summer, their structure is different.

Oak is a plant found from the north to the subtropics.

Several varieties also grow in the tropics.

In total there are about 600 species.

Three types of oak are common in Russia: pedunculate in the European part, rocky in the Caucasus and Mongolian in Far East.

Acacia

Acacia originated on the North American continent, but is now distributed throughout the globe.

Height up to 25 m, but shrub trees are often found.

Birch

One of the most common trees in Russia is birch.

In Slavic culture, products from this plant were endowed with magical properties. In folk and traditional medicine, buds, leaves, tree bark are used. Birch sap also has healing qualities.

About 120 species of this tree are found in nature. Some of them are dwarf, others grow up to 20 m or more. Birches can be a good addition to the landscape design of the territory.

Maple

Maple is a long-lived tree with beautiful foliage that spectacularly changes color with the onset of autumn. The maple leaf is featured on the national flag of Canada.

The main part of the species is of medium height, but there are also shrub forms. Several varieties of evergreen maples also grow in the Mediterranean.

Linden

Linden is a plant of the Malvaceae family, which is often planted in cities.

Does well in parks. Prefers moist soils, temperate and subtropical climatic zones.

Willow

Imprints of the oldest willows are found on the rocks of the Cretaceous period.

Today there are more than 550 varieties of this plant, some of which grow in the harsh climate of the Arctic. Most common in cool areas.

In the myths of the Komi people, alder was revered as a sacred tree, and in Ireland, cutting down this plant was considered a crime.

There are up to 40 varieties of alder in the world, most of which grow in temperate climates.

Elm

Tall, spreading tree found in deciduous forests. According to scientists, the first elms appeared on Earth more than 40 million years ago.

Now these plants can be seen in southern forests and parks, in the territories of the middle lane. Suitable for growing in gardens.

Poplar

Poplars are tall, fast growing trees that adapt well to cities. Grow in temperate latitudes America, Asia and Europe.

The life expectancy of these plants usually does not exceed 150 years. Many people are allergic to poplar down (soft hairs from the seed pod), so only male trees should be planted in the garden.

In the old days, ash was revered as a male plant, so weapons were often made from its wood. Sports equipment, furniture, musical instruments are made from this tree. The fruits and bark are used in medicine.

It grows rapidly and can reach a height of 60 m. The root system is very wide, going deep into the ground.

Hornbeam

Broad-leaved tree, characteristic of European and Asian forests.

Differs in a cylindrical krone, perfectly fits into garden sites. The height does not exceed 20 m, and the life expectancy is about 150 years.

Horse chestnut is a tree that grows best in deep and fertile soil. All varieties are excellent honey plants.

Also horse chestnut has been used in medicine since ancient times.

The most common are tall tree varieties that are not suitable for small garden plots. However, there are dwarf species that can be used in landscape design.

fruit

Among fruit plants, there are both deciduous trees and shrubs, as well as evergreens.

There are hundreds of varieties of fruit plants in the world.

In the Russian regions, apple, plum and cherry trees are traditionally grown, but some other trees are also frost-resistant and take root well in the middle lane.

This plant tolerates harsh winters Siberia and does not require troublesome care. Irgi berries have a high content of vitamin C, acids, tannins.

To get a rich harvest, irgu is planted in an open, sunny place, keeping a distance between bushes of at least 3 m.

Hazel is also known as hazel. An unpretentious, sun-loving shrub that bears fruit in late summer or early autumn. Common hazel nuts are called hazelnuts.

They have a high nutritional value, contain valuable oils and are rich in trace elements. To increase the yield, a transplant is carried out every two years.

Deciduous shrub, rarely a low tree. Hawthorn is often grown for decorative purposes, but its fruits are widely used in medicine.

They regulate the work of the heart, help fight shortness of breath and are useful in diseases of the thyroid gland.

Honeysuckle

There are more than 200 types of honeysuckle in the world. IN wild nature it grows in Asian regions. These plants are trees and shrubs.

Garden honeysuckle is often used for decorative purposes.

Plum, cherry, bird cherry, sweet cherry

These plants are distinguished by beautiful flowering and white or white-pink flowers.

They prefer sunny and open places. In spring, they bring sophistication and freshness to the garden, and their fruits are widely used in cooking.

The most common species is black elderberry, but Marginata and Aurea varieties are more suitable for garden plots.

Elderberry is planted in a sunny place or in light partial shade, propagated by cuttings.

Mountain ash is a low tree of the Yablonev family, common in Europe and North America. There are up to 100 species, but in Russia the most common mountain ash is found.

Does not require complex care, looks spectacular both in summer and autumn. The berries contain trace elements (potassium, copper, iron, zinc, magnesium), vitamins, sugars and amino acids.

In Russian gardens, you can find various varieties of apple trees - with white, red, pink fruits. The flowering period is in April or May.

Apple trees are propagated by acquiring new trees, which are planted in an open and sunny place.

Growing peaches is quite painstaking, and the life of this plant is short. They are not suitable for the Moscow region and all central regions.

Peach grows in warm latitudes, giving color at the beginning of the year - in January or February. The flowering of the tree begins before the first leaves bloom.

evergreen deciduous plants

In the design of household territories, coniferous or evergreen deciduous trees are also used. Today, there are many varieties of trees and shrubs that are able to decorate the site with their fresh and bright crown for a whole year.

More than 600 species of rhododendron grow in the world, some of which are deciduous, and some are evergreen. One of the most popular genera is Azalea.

Azaleas are heat-loving, require careful care, they need acidic soil and regular fertilizers.

Slow-growing unpretentious plant, growing in Russia mainly on the Black Sea coast.

One of the oldest shrubs used for landscaping areas. Since boxwood easily tolerates pruning, it is well suited for creating hedges and sculptural compositions.

A small tree with an openwork crown and small leaves that turn bright and unusual colors in autumn

There are also large varieties, the crown width of which can reach 10 m. Dwarf and creeping varieties are often used in decorating plots, effectively braiding fences and hedges.

An ancient plant that appeared in Cretaceous. Natural habitat - East Asia and North America.

Wild magnolia grows on the Russian island of Kunashir. In the southern regions, it is used for landscaping cities, planted in private plots.

The difference between deciduous and coniferous

Deciduous plants differ from conifers not only in the structure of the leaf and the characteristics of reproduction. There are coniferous trees whose leaves do not resemble needle-shaped needles, and some of them (for example, larch) are not evergreen, so it is not always easy to determine the type of plant.

Main differences:

• There are many classes of deciduous plants, while conifers are combined into one class. Previously, yews were allocated to the second group, but now scientists have abandoned this division.
• Coniferous plants are much older, and they do not have a flowering stage. They are always either male or female.
• Deciduous trees adapt more easily to different climatic conditions, able to grow in the most severe and arid regions.

Despite the existing differences, both types are able to exist next to each other, so they are often combined when designing a site. Popular decorative coniferous plants- cypress, cedar, thuja, juniper.

Mr. Summer Resident informs: deciduous trees in the landscape

Trees are an integral part of landscape design. On the backyard territory, both an exotic variety of magnolia and an ordinary aspen or alder can look spectacular.

To properly arrange the site, you should follow simple rules:

• The height of the tree should correspond to the area of ​​the garden.
• Oak, elm, and other large species are deeply rooted and can dry out the ground.
• The shape of the crown can emphasize or break the elegance of architecture. When creating the design of the territory, the features of the growth of branches are taken into account.

Most deciduous plants do not require complex care, but they are able to enliven the garden and make the site sophisticated and unusual.