Yalta nature reserve animals and plants. Yalta mountain forest reserve in Crimea. Yalta Mountain and Forest Reserve - Museum and Attractions
Yalta mountain forest nature reserve(YAGLPZ) stretches across the mountains of the entire southern coast of Crimea from Gurzuf to Foros, more than 2000 species of living creatures live in it in natural conditions. It occupies an area of 14,523 hectares - 75% of the territory is forests of oak, juniper, pine, hornbeam, ash, as well as various Red Book plants and trees. In the one preserved here wild nature live rare animals, birds, reptiles and insects. 8% of the living creatures of the reserve are endemic - they are found only here. Legislatively, the lands of the reserve are forever withdrawn from economic circulation.
Antique Crimean emerald
The first state-owned forest dacha was founded here in 1797. Actually, this unique territory received the status of a reserve on February 20, 1973, but even before that, the forest was protected, studied and considered a special place by the state. The reserve has its own village, which began even before the revolution - with the hunting lodges of the king and the ranger, as well as stables.
“In general, the reserve was created to preserve forests, nature protection and scientific activity- says YAGLPZ pensioner Taisiya Zhigalova. - Employees of the scientific department keep the "Chronicle of Nature", observe birds and animals. Since 1973, all chronicles have been preserved, they reflect the most important events in the life of the reserve. Under the Soviet Union, people went to work here out of love for the forest, there were no special salaries here. Many are still working from those times, or have retired, having given the reserve 40 years each.”
Administrative building of the Yalta Reserve
A broken winding road over the Uch-Kosh gorge leads to the village of the reserve's employees.
In the untouched pine forest of the reserve, it is always festively light
Dozens of people still work for the benefit of the reserve. Workers protect the forest, watch it. Jaeger group protects the territory from poachers. There are foresters - these are the heads of forest areas, which, in turn, are divided into detours-partitions, for each of which the forester is responsible. They go around the territory every day, draw up acts on the facts of cutting down trees, etc.
[] Firefighters play a special role - they have saved hundreds of hectares of forest on their account. Moreover, they drive to fires over cliffs along roads that have already become unusable, risking their lives to save the unique Crimean forest.
“In 1979, just over 150 people worked in the reserve. Of these, 13 were management personnel, the rest were foresters, drivers, firefighters, silvicultural workers, Zhigalova recalls. “Now, in 2018, 220 people work in the reserve, of which more than 50 are management personnel, and the number of working positions remains the same.”
War to huts, peace to palaces
YAGLPZ employees have long lived right in the forest, in their village above Massandra. He is over 100 years old. In the 1920s, the houses were converted to accommodate employees of the South Coast Forestry. Then, from 1961 to 1993, several more houses were built for foresters, firefighters, administration and their families. These people have been planting new forests in Big Yalta for decades, preventing fires, and doing science.
The employees of the reserve live in such modest houses among the pines.
For more than 100 years of the existence of the village, several dynasties of forest specialists have arisen and are working here. Now about 230 people live in the village - all of them are somehow connected with the forest, their simple houses are part of the mountain village of Sovetskoye and have the address "Zapovednaya Street".
And so the Crimean authorities decided to separate the village from the boundaries of the reserve and transfer it to the ownership of the Yalta municipality.
According to the rules of the reserve, upon reaching a certain length of service, housing is reserved for employees - people who are related to the forest are given the opportunity to live out their years in the forest. But the houses themselves are listed on the balance sheet of the reserve - they are considered departmental, the owner of the housing is the reserve.
Now people living in such apartments will have the opportunity to privatize their living space and formalize their property rights. But ordinary residents of the village still cannot start the privatization of their property - the authorities do not give it.
In general, it was necessary to transfer the village to the municipal ownership of Yalta on behalf of Aksenov back in 2015. The decision of the Yalta City Council on this matter has been around since 2015, in November 2017 it was approved with adjustments. But the administration of the reserve is delaying the process of preparing documents for the transfer.
At the same time, the managers who came in 2007-2008 quickly acquired “mansions” in the forestry settlement and easily legalized them. According to the indignant residents of the village, the director of the reserve, Vladimir Pisarevsky, in a private conversation, explained it to them something like this: “These people have good connections with the FSB and the Investigative Committee.”
Worst of all in the protected village is the poor old people: they are generally taken away from the yard outbuildings that have been standing since Soviet times: toilets, garages, summer kitchens, cellars, etc.
This is done simply - the authorities recognize their buildings as unauthorized, standing on a specially protected natural area. And do not care that the permits for the construction of these outbuildings were issued by the leaders of the reserve and the Massandra Council.
The new managers do the same downstairs with the old residents of Artek. In the same way, the government of young technocrats seizes land and garages from the inhabitants of Sevastopol. Whatever you call it: “release of the general plan”, “restoring order in the field of land use”, “elimination of violations of the Ukrainian period”, “bringing the established practice of land use to the norms Russian legislation”, the essence is the same - throughout the peninsula, a new redistribution of land and real estate is in full swing, gaining momentum.
Residents of the village with the symbolic name Sovetskoye accuse the first persons of the reserve and the State Committee for Forestry of the Republic of Kazakhstan of deliberately distorting the facts, changing the boundaries of the regime territory and the boundaries of the village for their own selfish purposes (copies of documents from different times are in the editorial office).
For example, an employee of the reserve with 38 years of experience, of which 29 years in the fire department, Vladimir Zhigalov is forced to demolish his farm building. It's a garage with a sauna built on, he says, back in the 70s. Documents for it were issued under the USSR, under Ukraine the legality of this building also did not cause doubts among the authorities. The man made the outbuilding with his own hands, beautifully turned each log, the work took many years. Zhigalov's hands are golden. He manages to keep the 1972 VAZ-2101 in perfect condition, which he has been driving since time immemorial.
The structure of a firefighter and his car 1972 release
The grandmother of the Zhigalovs immediately after the war planted forests all over the South Shore. Vladimir Zhigalov's father worked in the reserve for 40 years, Vladimir himself saved hundreds of hectares of forest - he has about 1,000 trips to fires.
[]“I put my soul into this place, my documents confirm the legality,” Vladimir Zhigalov is perplexed. - The utility building is tied to our house according to the technical passport of the BTI. In all written responses given to the residents of the affected houses 4, 10, 19, 22 from the YAGLPZ, the Ministry of Natural Resources, the Environmental Prosecutor's Office and the Council of Ministers, it was indicated that the buildings were unauthorized, but remained within the boundaries of the protected area. And now we are told that after the boundaries of the reserve are approved, the buildings are to be demolished, and in their place, supposedly, the reserved lands will be renewed with forest plantations. At the same time, officials turn a blind eye to many more controversial situations in the forest, ”Zhigalov is indignant.
Another 17 families living in the reserve face similar problems (Aleshina, Maksimets, Tishchenko, Voloshina, Pastukhova, Shchukareva, Popova, Novova, etc.), each of which is forced to abandon real estate and outbuildings of the Soviet era.
People say that they worked in dynasties for 40-50 years for the benefit of the reserve and have the right to be treated adequately. “If it were possible to apply moral components to criminal cases in order to consider them somehow differently,” Vladimir Pisarevsky, director of the YAGLPZ, throws up his hands in response. - Unfortunately, there is no such thing.
If you enter into the situation of people who have overlays, they will come from the authorities, from the prosecutor's office, they will ask how you made the alienation state property in favor of someone? ”, - explains the director
Pisarevsky also says that Taisiya Zhigalova forged a registration certificate for her controversial garage. Zhigalova replies that this is a slander and that she is ready to prove her case in court.
In general, now here, in the reserve, where humanity and communitarianism once reigned, everything is like in Yalta.
System versus people
Interestingly, as part of the process of withdrawing the village from the boundaries of the reserve in 2016, the Yalta City Council agreed to the adoption of all buildings and property of the forestry village, together with outbuildings, into municipal ownership (a copy of the city council's decision is in the editorial office).
According to the residents of the village, this decision of the city council was then secretly changed, deciding to transfer to the municipality individually and non-transparently only residential buildings, excluding outbuildings. In the village, this is considered a violation, because. These buildings, based on the materials of the BTI, are tied to each house.
In the reserve, they refer to higher officials.
“At first, the administration of Yalta agreed to transfer them to their property on the basis of the list that we prepared, along with outbuildings,” Pisarevsky explains. - But then the Ministry of Property and Land Relations of the Republic of Kazakhstan said that there is no procedure for the transfer of outbuildings, only residential buildings should be transferred. Therefore, we turned to the municipality, they made changes to the previous decision of the session.”
Residents of st. Zapovednaya are surprised that the village is being taken out of the boundaries of the reserve with all residential and non-residential buildings - and the outbuildings are left to the reserve.
“It turns out that after the privatization is completed, the structure will dispose of our real estate at its own discretion,” says Nikolai Maksimets, a resident of the village. - We turned to Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of Kazakhstan Yuri Gotsanyuk for help. He held a meeting and recommended resolving disputes in favor of the people (a copy of the protocol is in the editorial office). Subordinate chiefs ignore.
[] And here is another misfortune: the developer of the new general plan of Yalta, Geoplan Design Institute LLC, approved the boundaries of the reserve without taking into account requests to leave the outbuildings to residents. They say that the designers could make adjustments to the boundaries of the reserve - but the officials simply did not tell them about this problem. The victims consider this the revenge of the authorities for disloyalty.
“The boundaries of the reserve have already been agreed and approved. Now, in order to change them, it is necessary that the Council of Ministers adopt a special resolution, re-conduct examinations and public hearings. It is very labor intensive and difficult. But it is possible, - said "Notes" in LLC "Geoplan".
And officials continue to play football. In the Ministry of Ecology, the residents of the village were told that the obstacle was in the claims of the Environmental Prosecutor's Office. But there, at a meeting with an initiative group of residents of the forestry village, they said that they had no complaints of their own, and recommended that this issue be resolved with relevant officials. While people were walking in circles, the issue was closed.
“The boundaries of the reserve have already been approved and agreed upon,” Vladimir Pisarevsky, director of the YAGLPZ, repeated to Notes. And he rejected claims of non-fulfillment of the instructions of Deputy Prime Minister Gotsanyuk: "Such strong-willed decisions are contrary to the law."
“There is a warning from the prosecutor's office to take action against illegally occupied territories,” the director says. - This applies not only to the Zhigalovs, but also to a number of other sites, issues on which will be resolved in court. There were illegal allotments of land by councils back in Ukraine,” recalls Pisarevsky.
However, in the village insist on their point of view. They show a letter from the environmental prosecutor Stadnik dated February 2018 (a copy is in the editorial office), which says that the outbuildings of the residents of houses No. 4, 10, 19, 21 on the street. Reserved are not unauthorized buildings. Also, the prosecutor's office admits that the human factor worked when determining the boundaries of the village.
Previously, the prosecutor's office sent people to court.
How Dryers Become Villas
In fact, everything that happens in the reserve is fully described by the law of the jungle, which the inhabitants of the village of Sovetskoye studied on four-legged animals, and now, like the whole of Crimea, they are experiencing it in their own skin. And he says that the strong devour the weak. True, unlike the animal world, where the predator, having had its fill, leaves, the two-legged still do not get enough.
The worsening of the life of the inhabitants of the forestry village, according to them, began with the closure of the only store, which the management of the reserve justifies as unprofitable.
“The building of the store was bought by the deputy director for science of YAGLPZ Zoya Bondarenko.
Now the younger residents of the village are forced to go to Massandra in their cars to buy groceries for the pensioners living in the village,” the old-timers of Sovetsky complain.
Then, according to the veterans of the village, the management of the reserve built palaces for itself at the expense of the industrial buildings of the forestry - due to the specifics, they are located on the territory of the reserve.
So, instead of the building of a cone dryer, a house with an area of 354.9 sq m was built with the address st. Reserve, 31 (he is associated with the chief accountant of forestry). And instead of a greenhouse - a house with an area of 693 square meters (he is associated with the Deputy Minister of Ecology of the Crimea Vladimir Kapitonov and the director of the reserve Vladimir Pisarevsky - the son-in-law of Kapitonov's wife).
Why Deputy Minister Kapitonov is petitioning for the transfer of these houses from non-residential to residential stock, now there is no need to explain.
The social activists of the forestry pay attention to the fact that the dryer, greenhouses and greenhouses are still listed as the property of the Republic of Crimea, but in reality they no longer exist, giving way to elite mansions.
Also gave way to private households and ceased to exist "shkolka"
This is a special area where very young pine trees (their first period of life) grew before transplanting to a permanent place of growth.
A solid cottage, which is associated with the Deputy Minister of Ecology Kapitonov, has grown instead of a greenhouse
And this building, which grew up instead of a cone dryer
Listed as "greenhouses and greenhouses" elite cottages - and the road to them was taken out of the lands of the reserve
The territory occupied by the "greenhouse and greenhouse" was taken out of the boundaries of the reserve and entered into the boundaries of the village. Apparently, they decided not to demolish these controversial buildings in a specially protected area, so as not to upset the top officials of the Ministry of Ecology of Crimea and the management of the reserve. Thus, according to local public figures, the reserve has lost about 1 hectare of pine forest.
The director of the reserve rejects the claims, and says that there is a group of citizens in the village who are engaged in squabbles.
“There is a permit for reconstruction, it started back in Ukraine, with the State Forest Agency, which gave permission for the reconstruction of buildings and structures, for the transfer from non-residential to residential.
They like to poke the moment: "Kapitonov, like a deputy minister" - but he has all the documents properly drawn up. There were a lot of checks on this issue thanks to these citizens, ”says Vladimir Pisarevsky, director of the YAGLPZ.
And he immediately rejects the claims in the withdrawal of the lands of the reserve for these houses.
“It was not pure protected land. It was a business unit. Also, the entire village was formed on the territory of the economic division, - says Pisarevsky.
When asked about the fact that according to the documents of 2015 - already under Russia - the houses were still listed as a dryer and a greenhouse and a greenhouse, Mr. Pisarevsky advised to pay attention to the complainants.
“There is such a citizen Maksimets, he once completely and completely illegally built his garage, according to the documents it is listed as a non-residential building,” Pisarevsky shifts the focus of attention to his opponents. - A greenhouse, it remains a greenhouse. You are looking in the wrong direction, you saw something wrong, we will make a greenhouse out of the greenhouse.
I have been working in the reserve since I was 18 years old. There were a number of applications to all structures, complaints, statements. They came, checked both in relation to Kapitonov and in relation to all the moments here. There are no questions or complaints."
Nikolai Maksimets does not agree with the accusations and fends them off with documents. He and other community members of the village are upset by the double standards: the authorities have no complaints about the withdrawal of 1 hectare of the reserve for the needs of the authorities. And the plots of 0.38 hectares, located since Soviet times in the territory of the village and occupied by outbuildings, are assessed as a specially protected natural area to be restored.
Science-based hack
There are questions about the position of officials and on several mysterious sites near the village of Sovetskoye.
"Notes" has a copy of the scientific justification of the Institute. Vernadsky, according to which the management of the reserve intends to allocate from the protected areas more than 2 hectares of Crimean pine plantations without buildings (pure forest) between the reserve and the Dolossy sanatorium. There are fenced plots that are just beginning to be built up, and already built mini-palaces.
For some reason, the Ministry of Ecology of the Republic of Kazakhstan does not develop vigorous activities to free the territory of the reserve from these strange phenomena.
The correspondent of "Notes" examined the disputed sectors of the forest. Here they are:
Public activists fear that a section of a pine forest above the fork near the Dolossy sanatorium has already been withdrawn from the reserve
About two hectares of forest with Red Data Book pines at the turn to the Dolossy sanatorium are bitten off from the reserve
Someone's mini-palace on the land of the reserve in Dolossi does not really bother officials
The director of the reserve examined the photographs - and again predictably rejected the claims.
“We didn't take anything out. The house is in litigation. According to the photo with a fresh fence - these are "sitting" on the state certificate of the Dolossy sanatorium, - says Vladimir Pisarevsky.
At the same time, in the Dolossy sanatorium, Notes was told that the very site with a fresh fence and cabins had nothing to do with them, but belonged specifically to the reserve.
Residents of Sovetskoye emphasize that they are primarily for the preservation of nature. And insist on the same rules of the game. If we are to demolish, then all the buildings, without discounts on high social status. And if you leave the buildings, then also to everyone - both the ministers and the guards of the reserve in retirement.
Also, the activists of the leshoz village said that they were preparing for reprisals from the leadership for having brought the problem to the media after all - writing letters of complaint had already led to proceedings.
And in Sovetskoye they are afraid that after its withdrawal from the protected area, elite nine-story buildings will be stuck among the pines. It is assumed that for this the authorities of the reserve needed their outbuildings in order to reconstruct them into apartment buildings
In the same way as in the Primorsky Park of Yalta, libraries turned into 18-story buildings. They shrug their shoulders in the reserve: the new village will be managed exclusively by the administration of Yalta, these are already questions for them.
Notes' previous visit to these places and the theft of 96 acres of land at the Dolossy sanatorium, with the participation of the ex-mayor of Yalta Andrei Rostenko, led to a prosecutor's check. However, there is no information about the punishment of those responsible. In the sanatorium they say that so far everything has not changed.
Yalta Reserve is located in the southern part of the Main Ridge Crimean mountains. Its territory includes part of the Black Sea coast, stretching as a strip from the village of Foros to the village of Gurzuf.
The Yalta mountain and forest natural reserve is the property of the natural reserve fund, and is considered an important part of national importance. Protect the integrity of the reserve forest service. The employees of the reserve daily eliminate violations and protect such a beautiful protected area from negative human influences.
Geography of the Yalta Reserve
The slopes of the Main Range of mountains are laid out by folded rocks different ages that overlay Jurassic limestone rocks. Most of the slopes are steep gorges. But the upper part of the ridge - Ai-Petrinsky and Yalta yayly, which look like a hilly plateau. Their width, together with pits and depressions, reaches 7 km.
Flora of the reserve
main part Yalta Reserve occupied by forests - 75%. The reserve consists of 3 main belts:
- forests of the lower slopes - fluffy oak, pistachio blunt and high juniper;
- forests of Crimean pine, rocky oak and ash;
- pine and beech forest.
Walking along the Yalta Reserve, you will plunge into the fabulous atmosphere of the cheerful tones of the local nature, high green forests filled with the aroma of resins and the smell of the Black Sea.
Meadow vegetation prevails mainly on yayla (mountain meadows). You will see a variety of plant species - carnations, Crimean peonies, naked nettles, Crimean geraniums, Yalta dubrovnik. 78 species of plants grow here, which are listed in the Red Book.
Flora and fauna of the gorge
The Crimean peninsula has a poor fauna. The Yalta Reserve is inhabited by:
- 150 species of birds - mountain bunting, black-headed jay, blackbird, vulture, siskin, chaffinch, blue tit, woodpecker, goldfinch, crossbill;
- 37 species of mammals - roe deer, Crimean subspecies of weasel, badger, stone marten, Crimean subspecies of the fox, mouflon, hare;
- 16 species of reptiles - Crimean gecko, yellowbell, copperhead, green toad, tree frog, leopard snake, crested newt, lake frog.
Within the Yalta Reserve, there are many trails and routes along which you can make sightseeing trips and enjoy the amazing beauties of the reserved nature.
Features of organizing visits to the reserve
It must be remembered that the territory of the reserve is a nature protection zone, within which the movement of organized groups of tourists and individual visitors is allowed only along the laid routes. You can sign up for an excursion at almost every hotel in Yalta. Campfires, gathering of any plants, hunting and fishing are prohibited throughout the territory. In addition, any visit to the forest zone of the Yalta Reserve is limited from August to November (during the fire season).
Yalta Mountain Forest Nature Reserve (Yalta, Russia) - exact location, interesting places, inhabitants, routes.
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On the territory of 145 sq. km, on the southern slope of the main ridge of the Crimean Mountains is the Yalta mountain-forest nature reserve - a whole complex of sights and treasures protected by the state. Most of its land is located above 350 m above sea level. Several ecological trails and routes are equipped for tourist walks. It is in the composition of this reserve that one of the most famous highlights of the Crimea is Mount Ai-Petri (to be more precise, its teeth), as well as mysterious caves, beautiful waterfalls, springs, lakes and much more.
A bit of history
With the active development of tourism, growing sanatoriums and rest houses, measures were required to protect the local nature - mountain forests. Therefore, in 1939, the Crimean resort park appeared, on the basis of which later, in 1973, the Yalta State Reserve was founded.
What to see
The Museum of Nature operates in the management building of the reserve, its exhibits are entirely devoted to the flora and fauna of the Crimean mountains.
There are several waterfalls on the territory of this natural attraction: the largest of them, Uchan-Su (98.5 m), practically dries up in summer, another one - Uch-Kosh - is located in a deep gorge of the same name. In the source "Mikhailovsky", discovered in the middle of the 19th century by soldiers, you can draw water.
Not far from the Yalta-Simferopol highway is the "Nikitskaya cleft" - picturesque rocks that have long been popular with climbers.
Just a few years ago, Geographical Cave, formed thousands of years ago and impressive with huge stone "icicles" - stalactites and stalagmites, became available for visiting; the Yalta cave is similar to it. But in the Three-Eyed Cave, tourists can see a non-melting mountain of ice, which is illuminated by natural light from the failure, even in summer the temperature in it does not exceed +1 ° C.
On Mount Pendikul, at an altitude of 900 m above sea level, rises the "Silver Gazebo": a well-maintained observation deck overlooking Yalta, Mount Ayudag, forests and the coast.
In addition, in the reserve you can see quite unusual rocks. One of them is the impregnable Khachla-Kayasy, its steepness reaches 80 °; several centuries ago, steps and observation platforms were cut down in it, the uppermost of which is now covered with centuries-old junipers. Another rock - Shishko - is equipped with a viewing platform and is located at an altitude of about 1200 m above sea level.
Practical Information
Address: Yalta, Sovetskoye, Dolosskoe shosse, 2. Website
Some routes are only accessible to organized groups.
Opening hours of the administration of the reserve: from 8:00 to 17:00 from Monday to Friday.
The GBU YAGLPZ includes 4 research environmental departments: Gurzufskoye, Livadiyskoye, Alupkinskoye and Opolznevskoye.
YAGLPZ is a nature protection, research institution, whose main tasks are to preserve in its primary state a unique mountain forest natural complex of the southern mountainous Crimea, the study of natural processes and phenomena in it, the effective use natural resources, strengthening the protection of mountain forests, the development of scientific foundations for environmental protection natural environment, as well as conducting environmental education activities, including at environmental education sites and trails.
Uniqueness natural conditions that have developed on the territory of the reserve is related to its position in the system of geobotanical zoning. Thus, the territory of the Yalta GLPZ belongs to the Mediterranean region of sclerophyllous forests, maquis, shilyaks, freegans and tomillyars, the Crimean-Novorossiysk subprovince, the Mountainous Crimean district of coniferous and broad-leaved nemoral and hemixerophilous forests, steppes and tomillyars.
The territory of the reserve is located on the southern macroslope of the Main Range of the Crimean Mountains and extends along the Black Sea from west to east from Foros to Gurzuf for 40 km. The reserve is located within the heights of 380-1200 m above sea level, in some places descending to the sea. Its upper boundary runs along the Ai-Petrinsky, Yalta and Nikitsky yaylas (plateau).
The vegetation cover of the reserve most fully reflects the diversity and richness of flora and vegetation. Mountain Crimea. species composition The Yalta Reserve is represented by 1351 species, which is 49% of the entire flora of the Crimea and 66% of the plant species of the mountainous Crimea.
About 75% of the area of the nature reserve is occupied by coniferous and broad-leaved forests of the sub-Mediterranean and Central European type. Basic forest-forming species is Pinus pallasiana (58%) listed in the Red Book Russian Federation which is widely known for its medicinal properties and creating special, unique landscapes. On the plateau-like top of the main ridge, forests are replaced by mountain-steppe, meadow vegetation.
Thus, in a relatively small area, huge wealth is concentrated, characterized by a heterogeneous floristic and coenotic composition, among which there are many endemic and relict plant species and communities. So, on the territory of the reserve there are 141 species of plants listed in the European Red List and 41 species listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation, including high juniper, pistachio pistachio, folded snowdrop, Crimean saffron, thin-leaved peony and many species from the orchid family (orchids) . There are also many plants belonging to the category of endemic species, that is, growing only on the territory of the Crimea: rumia critmoleaf, hogweed ligustic-leaved, brown-edged cornflower, chansun hawkweed, etc.
The fauna of the reserve is also diverse. 36 species of mammals, 11 reptiles, 4 species of amphibians and 19 species of mollusks live in the YAGLPZ. Of the mammals in the forests of the reserve, you can see the European roe deer, wild boar, the Crimean subspecies of the fox and weasel, the hare and others. The world of birds is also quite rich, represented by 96 species, of which 40 species nest here. The spineless fauna is also diverse and is represented by many species of spiders, cicadas, butterflies, barbels, among which there are many endemics.
You can learn a lot of interesting things about the unique southern coastal nature and the Yalta Reserve during educational walks through the unique mountain landscapes of the nature reserve on specially organized sites and routes, both historically established and newly discovered.
This autumn, the Crimean media are full of headlines of a very different tone - from full of optimism and confidence "In Crimea, they plan to determine the boundaries of the Yalta Reserve by December" to the pessimistic "The boundaries of the Yalta Reserve will never be determined." Close attention has been drawn to this issue not only by the inhabitants of Crimea (primarily the residents of Yalta). Guests of Big Yalta tend to the resort, including for the very healing climate, which, thanks to the reserve, is famous for the Crimean South Coast.
To the history of the issue
The Yalta Mountain and Forest Nature Reserve is a unique territory. Its pine forests are the lungs of the region, and its sections of sub-Mediterranean landscape are unique, not found anywhere else in the world. One of the problematic issues that have been resolved throughout the long history since 1973 is the establishment of the boundaries of the protected area. At different stages, obstacles of a legal and organizational nature arose that did not allow these boundaries to be established. As a result, there are abuses associated with the development of his lands, the conduct of economic activities on them. The currently available forest management materials do not contain the coordinates of the borders, which does not allow entering its lands into the state land cadastre and subsequently transferring the reserve to federal ownership. This is necessary for the full implementation of the entire range of environmental protection measures, which are stipulated by the Law of the Russian Federation "On Specially Protected Natural Territories". Strict regime use will eliminate the anthropogenic load on environment, preserve and increase the natural wealth of the Crimea.
Photo: resinosa.ru
Road map
In June 2016, the Head of the Republic of Crimea, Sergey Valeryevich Aksenov, instructed the heads of ministries and relevant institutions to organize work on the formation of a specially protected area and the establishment of borders land plot, occupied by the State Budgetary Institution of the Republic of Kazakhstan "Yalta Mountain and Forest Nature Reserve". The importance of the task was also determined by the fact that the reserve occupies 51% of the area of the urban district of Yalta. The establishment of boundaries is necessary for the development of a master plan, a strategy for the socio-economic development of the municipality. The executor of the complex ecological survey of the territory, the implementation of land cadastral works was determined. In a short time, the specialists managed to develop a road map (work plan for establishing the boundaries of the YAGLPZ) and begin to solve the tasks.
To date, a lot of work has been done. Based on the research carried out by the staff of the Crimean Federal University named after V.I. Vernadsky integrated ecological survey of the territory, the configuration of the optimal boundaries of the reserve is scientifically substantiated. The Regulation on the Specially Protected Natural Territory Yalta Mountain-Forest Nature Reserve has been developed. This document, according to federal law, is the main one for determining the boundaries and functioning of the reserve. The environmental survey materials have been approved by the State Committee for Forestry and Hunting of the Republic of Crimea, the Republican Ministry of Property and Land Relations, and a number of other departments. Public discussions of the materials took place in October. The open and constructive discussion was attended by specialists in the field of architecture and urban planning, environmentalists, representatives of trade unions and public organizations, journalists. Almost unanimously, the participants in the discussion decided to support the materials and recommend that the administration of the city of Yalta approve them.
It should be noted that the roadmap also took into account the further socio-economic development of the region, which will require the improvement of infrastructure: transport network facilities, electricity, gas and water supply. The planned communications are taken into account in the territorial planning, this will allow painlessly for the reserve in the future to carry out economic activities on the territory of Yalta.