Living and inanimate nature, its objects. What is nature? Living and non-living nature. The meaning and analysis of the word "nature" Inanimate bodies examples

Nature is everything that surrounds us and everything that is created without human intervention. In this set, living and living objects perfectly coexist inanimate nature. If all living things breathe, feed, grow and multiply, then the bodies of inanimate nature almost always remain unchanged, static.

If you look around, then we are surrounded everywhere by objects of inanimate nature: here is a stream flowing, in the distance we see high mountains, the wind rustles fallen leaves, clouds float across the sky, the Sun gently warms. All this: air, water, clouds, fallen leaves, wind and the Sun are objects of inanimate nature.

Moreover, not Live nature primary, it was from it that life on Earth originated. All living organisms use the gifts of inanimate nature, exist at the expense of it, and, in the end, after dying, they themselves become its objects. So, a felled tree trunk, fallen leaves, the corpse of an animal are already bodies of inanimate nature.

Signs of inanimate objects

If we compare objects of inanimate nature with living organisms, then it is easy to list the main features of inanimate objects: they do not grow, do not multiply, do not breathe, do not eat and do not die. So, for example, mountains, once having appeared, direct their peaks to the sky for thousands of years. Or planets, billions of years ago, lined up in a slender solar system, and continue to exist.

Therefore, the main distinguishing features of objects of inanimate nature include the following:

Sustainability
Weak variability
Inability to breathe, eat. They just don't need food.
Inability to reproduce. At the same time, the objects of inanimate nature themselves, once appearing on earth, do not disappear and do not die. Except under the influence environment able to move to another state. For example, a stone can eventually turn into dust. And the most striking example of reincarnation is the water cycle in nature, in which an object of inanimate nature (water) goes through all the stages of its state, turning from water into steam, then again into water and, finally, into ice.
Inability to move. Most objects of inanimate nature are inert. So, the stone moves, if it is only pushed. Yes, and the water in the river flows only because the elements of which it consists have weak internal connections and tend to take the lowest place, forming a current.
Failure to grow. Despite the fact that objects of inanimate nature can change in volume (for example, mountains "grow", salt crystals increase, etc.), but this increase does not occur because new cells are formed. But because "newcomers" are attached to the old ones.

Inanimate objects: examples

There are so many inanimate objects and they are so diverse that the science of millet alone cannot study them all. Several sciences deal with this at once: chemistry, physics, geology, hydrography, astronomy, etc.

According to one of the existing classifications, all objects of inanimate nature are divided into three large groups:

Solids. This includes all rocks, minerals, substances that make up the soil, glaciers and icebergs, planets. These are stones and deposits of gold, rocks and diamonds, the Sun and the Moon, comets and asteroids, snowflakes and hail, grains of sand and crystal.

These objects have a clear shape, they do not need food, they do not breathe and do not grow.

liquid bodies- these are all objects of inanimate nature that are in a state of fluidity, without a definite form. For example, dew and raindrops, fog and clouds, volcanic lava and the river.

All these types of objects of inanimate nature are closely interconnected with other bodies, but they also do not need food, respiration and are not capable of reproduction.

Gaseous bodies- all substances consisting of gases: air masses, water vapor, stars. The atmosphere of our planet is the largest object of inanimate nature, which, if it changes, is only under the influence of the environment. But at the same time it does not feed, does not grow, does not multiply. However, it is air that is vital for life.

What inanimate objects are necessary for life

We have already mentioned that life on our planet is impossible without objects of inanimate nature. Of all the abundance for the existence of wildlife, the following bodies of inanimate nature are of particular importance:

The soil. It took several billion years before the soil began to have the properties that allowed the emergence of plants. It is the soil that connects the atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere, the most important physical and chemical reactions: obsolete plants and animals decompose, transform into minerals. The soil also protects living organisms from toxins by neutralizing toxic substances.
Air- an extremely necessary substance for life, since all objects of wildlife breathe. And plants need air not only for breathing, but also for the formation of nutrients.
Water- the basis of the foundations and the root cause of the origin of life on Earth. All living organisms need water, for some it is a habitat (fish, marine animals, algae), for others it is a source of nutrition (plants), for others it is the most important component of the nutritional scheme (animals, plants).
Sun- another object of inanimate nature, which became the cause of the origin of life on our planet. Its heat and energy are necessary for growth and reproduction, without the sun plants will not grow, many physical and chemical reactions and cycles that maintain the balance of life on earth will freeze.

The connection between inanimate nature and living nature is very multifaceted. All natural bodies that surround us are inextricably linked by a thousand threads. For example, a person is an object of wildlife, but he needs air, water and the Sun for life. And these are inanimate objects. Or plants - their life is impossible without soil, water, solar heat and light. The wind is an object of inanimate nature, it significantly affects the ability of plants to reproduce, spreading seeds or blowing dry leaves from trees.

On the other hand, living organisms invariably affect objects of inanimate nature. Thus, microorganisms, fish and animals that live in water support it. chemical composition, plants, dying and rotting, saturate the soil with microelements.

Nature is the whole world around us, pleasing to the eye living and inanimate objects. She always attracted human attention, fascinated and surprised with her laws. Thanks to the study of nature, people have received a lot useful knowledge which are still in use today. Mankind has made many discoveries related to natural phenomena. The conditional division shows that there is animate and inanimate nature.

Living nature combines all the objects of the planet that develop, breathe, grow. It includes plants, animals and people, numerous microorganisms that live around. Wildlife brings bright colors to the world, making it more interesting and mysterious. It unites all living things different types, genera and ecosystems inherent in a certain territory at a certain time and conditions.

Wildlife objects

Diversity of wildlife cannot be described in simple words, its objects include:

The main property of all living organisms can be considered the presence of life. There is no exact definition of this term, however, life can be represented as a set of such natural processes that take place in any organism, such as: metabolism, growth, instincts and reactions to nature around.

The diversity of living organisms on the planet is amazing. Each of the species exists now only because it went through natural selection in the process of evolution, was able to survive and adapt to aggressive environmental conditions. The history of the Earth shows that there have been many cataclysms leading to the extinction of entire species, an example is dinosaurs. At the same time, not all reptiles died out - many adapted and changed.

Life can be found in every corner of the planet, but humanity is of greatest interest. People have learned to think, they have their own consciousness, but no one can still say with 100% certainty that he knows everything about his body. Human body is a separate topic for study. Such a complex system requires a thorough study, which is what millions of scientists around the world are doing.

You already know what a word is. Each word describes a particular object, indicates its location and gives it a name. However, words in Russian do not exist on their own. They are combined into a syntactic construction called a sentence.

What is an offer, getting to know the offer

A sentence is a set of words that are related in meaning. For example: Dasha went to the store. Vitya was fishing. Flowers grew in the garden. Thanks to the sentence, we can not only recognize the action that is being performed or will be a completely specific subject, but we can also fully express our thoughts and convey information.

After all, when you tell your mother about your school friends, talk to a teacher at school, or communicate with classmates, you use sentences in your speech. Offers are also used in writing.

On a letter, the letter with which the sentence begins should be capitalized. For example: Correct spelling: The girl was reading a book. Squirrel is barely tasty nuts. We see that the words "girl" and "squirrel" in the sentence are capitalized.

What is living and inanimate nature

You have probably heard the expression "living and inanimate nature" many times. Let's see what this expression means. Nature is everything that surrounds people, and what they themselves did not do. Nature consists of two components: animate and inanimate nature.

Live nature are those objects that can breathe, grow and die, just like a person. Wildlife includes fungi, plants, animals, bacteria and man himself. Inanimate nature These are the objects of nature that do not grow. They are always in the same state. These are water, sky, stones, soil, rainbow, wind, rain.

Inanimate nature also includes celestial bodies - the Moon and the Sun. Living and non-living nature are interconnected. Inanimate nature contributes to the life of wildlife. For example, we all know that fish live in water.

Water is inanimate nature, fish is alive. Without water, the fish would not be able to live. Plants live thanks to sunlight. The sun is inanimate nature.

Offers with objects of animate and inanimate nature

Let's try to make sentences and describe living and non-living nature in them.

Cucumbers and tomatoes grew in the beds. Cucumbers and tomatoes - plants (wildlife) grow on the soil (inanimate nature).

A proud falcon flew in the sky. The falcon is a bird (wildlife), the sky is inanimate nature.

Masha was swimming in the pond. Masha is a person (wildlife), a pond is inanimate nature.

The bunny ate green grass. Bunny - animal (wildlife), grass - plant (wildlife)

The water covered the rocks on the shore. Water is inanimate nature, stones are inanimate nature.

Grandma looked at the sun. Grandmother is a person (wildlife), the Sun is a heavenly body (inanimate nature)

If you carefully look at our world, you can suddenly find that we are surrounded everywhere by bodies of inanimate nature. First of all, these are the Sun, the Moon, air, wind, mountains, ravines, water, rivers, lakes, forests, minerals, stones and even planets and galaxies.

These are objects of inanimate nature that are never born, do not feed, do not multiply, and also do not die. At the same time, they are characterized by stability and relatively low variability. If a living organism is born, lives and dies, then everything related to inanimate nature practically does not change.

For example, mountains, once formed, stand unchanged for several millennia, and the planets both revolve around the Sun and will continue to rotate (unless, of course, any global cataclysm happens). In addition, exactly how inanimate nature “lives” can be observed using the example of constantly changing water and seasons:

In winter, the water turns into snow, icicles and ice;
In spring, ice crystals turn into water;
In summer, it evaporates, transforming into steam - small water droplets rising into the air;
In autumn, she returns to our world in the form of rain.

Inanimate nature is strongly connected with living nature and interacts closely with it. Inanimate nature forces living organisms to adapt to different conditions the world around them (humidity, temperature, soil), since one of its signs is a combination of various substances and energy, for example:

The sun is a source of heat and light for almost all living organisms - without them, they simply cannot exist;
If access to air or water is blocked for wildlife, they will die;
Both air and water must be clean, otherwise irreversible changes may well occur in a living organism.

On the other hand, representatives of the animal world also influence the inanimate elements of our planet with their vital activity (for example, plants and animals fertilize the soil in every possible way, cleanse the world from various types of waste).

Concept classification

The very concept of "inanimate nature" is so broad that one specific science is not able to study all its elements, so chemistry, physics, geology, astronomy, and other disciplines deal with this.

At the same time, a clear definition for such a simple concept still does not exist, despite the fact that scientists nevertheless identified the characteristics characteristic of it, and classified the inanimate nature itself as follows:

Elementary particles;
Atoms;
Chemical elements;
Celestial bodies, stars;
Galaxy;
Universe.

Characteristic

One of the main features that distinguish the matter of inanimate nature is that its constituent elements, despite the apparent complexity, are quite simple and have a solid form. Often this form can pass from one to another, some ions will replace others, but their essence will remain the same. For example, if we are talking about a crystal, its crystal lattice, no matter what, will remain the same:

the crystal itself has a solid structure;
if the temperature indicators of the world around him rise significantly (for example, under the influence of a volcano), the solid body will melt, and the molecules or ions that it contains will begin to move randomly, thereby creating Brownian motion;
if the temperature does not stop increasing, then the liquid into which the crystal has been transformed will boil and steam (gas) will be released;
Under favorable circumstances, under the influence of the outside world, the crystal is able to recover and acquire a modified, and in some cases, the original form.

When carbon is combined with some gases, for example, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, incredible effects are created that we feel on ourselves, and, not knowing exactly how they were formed, we set FAQ- why the wind blows in this world and just such a force, why the sky is blue, how clouds appear, what is the water cycle in nature.

Unlike living organisms, one of the signs of inanimate nature is that it is not able to reproduce its own kind, that is, it does not give offspring. At the same time, once having appeared in the world, inanimate matter almost never disappears and does not die - except that under the influence of time, a transition to another state is possible. For example, a stone after some period (here much depends on its constituent elements) may well turn into dust, but, having changed, and even disintegrating, it will not stop its existence.

Everything related to inanimate nature does not grow. Despite the fact that some of its objects change outwardly (for example, quartz or salt crystals) and seem to increase in size, in fact they do not grow. At least, since it is done by living organisms that take food inside and, digesting it, form their body. As for crystals, they increase only due to other crystals clinging to them.

Items related to the world of inanimate nature have one more feature- they do not need food, they never feel thirsty, they do not breathe.

Inanimate nature reacts passively to everything - for example, if you push a stone, it will simply fly off by inertia in a given direction, fall, maybe roll somewhere, but eventually stop and remain lying until the next impact.

Or, despite the fact that the water in the rivers moves, it does this due to the fact that the elements of which it consists are extremely weakly interconnected, trying to take the lowest place, thus forming a current.

website: the most interesting about inanimate nature

On our site you will definitely be able to get to know inanimate nature closer and learn better about such seemingly elementary things as the water cycle in nature, where clouds come from, why the wind blows, a tornado forms and others. Interesting Facts from the life of our planet.

This video lesson is intended for independent study of the topic "Living and inanimate nature." First-graders will get acquainted with the decoration of our world - nature, which surrounds humanity literally everywhere. Also, the teacher will give a definition of animate and inanimate nature.

Lesson: Living and non-living nature

Nature decorates our world. With what pleasure we listen to the singing of birds, the murmur of a brook, the mysterious whisper of the forest! With what pleasure we admire the mirror-like surface of the rivers, the majestic bulk of the mountains.

Look my dear friend
What is around?
The sky is light blue
The sun shines golden.
The wind plays with leaves
A cloud floats in the sky.
Field, river and grass,
Mountains, air and foliage,
Birds, animals and forests
Thunder, fog and dew
Man and season
It's all around nature.

Rice. 1. ( )

Everything belongs to nature what surrounds us: the sun, air, water, rivers and lakes, mountains and forests, plants, animals and man himself. Doesn't apply to nature. only what is made by human hands: the house you live in, the table you sit at, the book you read.

Carefully consider the drawings and determine what belongs to nature and what is made by human hands.

Rice. 2. ( )

Rice. 3. ( )

Rice. 4. ( )

Rice. 5. ( )

Rice. 6. ( )

Rice. 7. ( )

The sun, the tree and the ant are nature.

Teapot, plane, toys are made by human hands.

Nature is called everything that surrounds us and is not made by human hands. Nature is divided into living and non-living. Inanimate nature includes the sun, air, water, mountains, stones, sand, sky, stars. Wildlife includes plants, animals and fungi.

Consider the signs of animate and inanimate nature.

Figures 8 and 9 show two stars: sea and space.

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Rice. 9. ( )

Which star is breathing? The starfish breathes, but the space star does not breathe.

Which star is growing? The sea star is growing, but the space star is not growing.

Which star is eating? The starfish feeds, the space star does not feed.

Which star gives birth? The starfish gives offspring, the cosmic star does not give offspring.

Can a starfish live forever? No, she is dying.

The starfish belongs to wildlife, as it breathes, grows, feeds, gives birth and dies.

The cosmic star belongs to inanimate nature, because it does not breathe, does not grow, does not feed, and does not give offspring.

Nature has two forms, living and non-living. Objects of wildlife have distinctive features:

1. Lifespan - they grow;

2. eat;

3. breathe;

4. give offspring.

Inanimate objects do not have such features.

Look at the pictures and determine whether these objects are part of living or inanimate nature.

Rice. 10. ( )

The chicken breathes, eats, grows, gives birth, dies. So, the chicken belongs to wildlife.

Rice. eleven. ( )

The stone does not breathe, does not feed, does not grow, does not give offspring, is destroyed. So, the stone belongs to inanimate nature.

Rice. 12. ( )

The sunflower grows, feeds, breathes, propagates by seeds, dies. So, the sunflower belongs to wildlife.

Divide objects into two groups: living and inanimate nature.

Rice. 13. ( )

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Wildlife includes a boy, a sparrow, a tree, a dog.

Inanimate nature includes mountains, clouds.

Look carefully at the picture and determine what is superfluous.

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The extra one is a snowman, it is made by human hands and does not belong to nature. Crab and rose - belong to wildlife.

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Rice. 23. ( )

Rice. 24. ( )

The extra one is a frog, it belongs to wildlife. Rainbow and thundercloud are inanimate nature.

What nature is man a part of? A person grows, eats, breathes, gives offspring, which means that a person is a part of wildlife.

Consider the drawings, what signs of wildlife are depicted on them?

Rice. 25. ( )

Rice. 27. ( )

Rice. 28. ( )

Figure 25 shows growth, figure 26 - nutrition, figure 27 - respiration, figure 28 - offspring.

Imagine for a moment that inanimate nature, namely the sun, air and water, will disappear. Will plants, animals and man himself be able to exist then? No, living and non-living nature are interconnected. Let's look at examples of such connections.

1. Without sunlight and heat, most animals, plants and man himself cannot exist.

2. Without water, all living things die.

3. All living things breathe air. The air must be clean.

Do you think people could live without nature? Of course not,our whole life is connected with nature.We breathe air, quench our thirst with water, a person cannot live without food, and animals and plants give us food.

Nature is our home. Man must preserve and protect nature. Nature is very rich, but its wealth is not unlimited. And a person should use these riches as a reasonable and kind person. The great Russian writer Mikhail Prishvin tells his readers about this in the story "The pantry of the sun."

Fish need clean water. Let's protect our waters.

Rice. 29. ( )

Various valuable animals live in forests, steppes, mountains. We will protect our forests, steppes, mountains.

Rice. thirty. ( )

Fish - water, birds - air, animals - forest, steppe, mountains, and a person needs a Motherland. To love and protect nature means to love and protect the Motherland!

In the next lesson, the topic "Variety of plants" will be considered. During the lesson, you will get acquainted with an important part of nature - plants.

1. Samkova V.A., Romanova N.I. The world 1. M.: Russian word.

2. Pleshakov A.A., Novitskaya M.Yu. The world around 1. M .: Education.

3. Gin A.A., Faer S.A., Andrzheevskaya I.Yu. The world around 1. M .: VITA-PRESS.

1. Regional center information technologies ().

2. Festival of pedagogical ideas "Open Lesson" ().

1. Tell us how wildlife differs from inanimate nature.

2. Give examples of animate and inanimate nature according to your own observations.

3. Is there a connection between wildlife and non-living?

4. * Draw two pictures. On one drawing, depict only objects of living nature, and on the other - inanimate nature.